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macOS and Linux nginx编译安装 ​

1. 准备编译环境 ​

首先安装必要的编译工具和依赖库：

Ubuntu/Debian:

bash
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install build-essential libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev

CentOS/RHEL:

bash
    sudo yum install gcc-c++ pcre-devel zlib-devel

macOS:

bash
    brew install pcre

2. 获取 Nginx 源码 ​

bash
   wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.25.3.tar.gz  # 替换为最新版本
   tar zxvf nginx-1.25.3.tar.gz
   cd nginx-1.25.3

3. 配置编译选项 ​

运行配置脚本，常用选项包括：

bash
    ./configure \
    --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \          # 安装目录
    --user=nginx \                       # 运行用户
    --group=nginx \                      # 运行组
    --with-http_ssl_module \             # 启用SSL支持
    --with-http_v2_module \              # 启用HTTP/2
    --with-http_realip_module \          # 启用真实IP模块
    --with-http_stub_status_module \     # 启用状态监控
    --with-http_gzip_static_module \     # 启用gzip静态压缩
    --with-pcre \                        # PCRE正则支持
    --with-stream \                      # 启用TCP/UDP代理
    --with-threads \                     # 启用线程池
    --with-debug                         # 调试模式(生产环境去掉)

查看所有可用选项：

bash
  ./configure --help

4. 编译和安装 ​

bash
    make install

5. 创建系统用户和目录 ​

bash
    sudo useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin nginx
    sudo mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
    sudo chown -R nginx:nginx /var/log/nginx

6. 创建systemd服务文件 ​

/etc/systemd/system/nginx.service

text
[Unit]
Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
User=nginx
Group=nginx
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=mixed

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

启用服务：

bash

    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    sudo systemctl enable nginx
    sudo systemctl start nginx

7. 验证安装 ​

bash
   /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

输出应显示你配置的所有模块和选项。

8. 升级Nginx ​

bash
# 备份旧配置
cp -r /usr/local/nginx/conf /backup/nginx-conf

# 下载新版源码并编译
./configure [与之前相同的选项]
make
sudo make upgrade  # 平滑升级(不中断服务)